Assumptions were confusing

Confusing cortical columns.

T he late developmental neurobiologist, and a member of the National Academy of Sciences, Victor Hamburger told me during one of our discussions about the distinction between boring data and exciting concepts, ‘‘one can spend an entire lifetime correcting a flawed paper published in reputable journal and still loose the battle if people like the basic idea’’ (V. Hamburger, personal communicatio...

Are troponins confusing?

Correspondence to: Dr P O Collinson, Department of Chemical Pathology, St George’s Hospital, London SW17 0QT, UK; paul.collinson@ stgeorges.nhs.uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T he ability to measure the cardiac specific markers, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (the cardiac troponins), has produced a paradigm shift in the assessment of patients with susp...

Colour-coded wristbands confusing.

Concussion is confusing us all

It is time to stop using the term concussion as it has no clear definition and no pathological meaning. This confusion is increasingly problematic as the management of 'concussed' individuals is a pressing concern. Historically, it has been used to describe patients briefly disabled following a head injury, with the assumption that this was due to a transient disorder of brain function without ...

Confusing Concepts in Study Design